O corpo da moda. História social da medida do homem (Europa, séculos XVI e XIX)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26563/dobras.i30.1241Palavras-chave:
Corpo, Conhecimento, Vestuário, Técnicos, Medições, AntropometriaResumo
Do Homem Vitruviano ao homem P, M e G do século XIX, a medida está no centro da definição do corpo humano e das modas. Sem medidas, não há roupa: o corpo desaparece. O desafio deste artigo é propor uma série de questionamentos para compreender a participação dos profissionais que usam o corpo como suporte – do alfaiate ao peruqueiro – nas mudanças de paradigma, impondo uma nova concepção de homem e de corpo. A história do corpo e a sua captura pelos praticantes permitem completar uma visão da história do vestuário: a do primeiro envelope carnal que serve de suporte às estimentas e aos artifícios das aparências. As transformações sociais e políticas do século XIX na Europa têm sido frequentemente estudadas com base em normas e medidas coercivas. No entanto, proponho renovar os questionamentos e, particularmente, examinar como os saberem influenciam o corpo humano e alimentam as reflexões desde a antropometria da Renascença até aos avanços tecnológicos da primeira industrialização. A fabricação de corpos é um lugar de excelência para compreender a dinâmica da cientificação que afetou a Europa Ocidental durante quatro séculos. O corpo é o meio de expressão das normas econômicas, sociais e políticas. No cruzamento de uma história social de realizações corporais, da antropologia das técnicas e da epistemologia da estética, proponho interrogar uma história da medida do homem a partir dos saberes dos praticantes do corpo.
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